*CELL*

                                                  CELL

 DISCOVERY AND HISTORY OF CELL-

English scientist ROBERT HOOK  discovered the cell in 1665. He took thin slices of a cork and observed them under the microscope. He noticed a large number of compartments in the cork slice resembling the structure of a honey comb. ROBERT HOOK  coined them cells for each box. In 1674 LEEUWHEN HOEK studied the first living cell.

A compound microscope having high magnification is used to study the structure of the cell.

Electron microscope are also used to study a cell.

WHAT IS THE CELL-

Cell is the basic fundamental unit of life. All living organism made up of cell. It performs a basic function in an organism body.

TYPES OF ORGANISM ON THE BASIS OF CELL-

1. Unicellular- organisms

2. Multicellular- organisms

UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS-

Unicellular organism is the single cell organism and its life spam is short. Example- amoeba,  bacteria, etc.

MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS-

Multicellular organisms are the multicelled organism and perform different different functions and its life spam is long. Example- humans,animals ,etc.

                                              

COMPONENTS OF THE CELL-

THE THREE MAIN COMPONENT OF CELL-

1. Cell membrane / Plasma membrane / Plasma lemma.

2. Cytoplasm

3. Nucleus

CELL MEMBRANE-

1. It is the boundary of  each cell which separate the cytoplasm.

2. It present in both animal and plant cell

3. It is made up of protein and lipids.

4. It is selectively permeable[ allow some substance to enter in cell ]       in nature.

5. It is easily flexible and can be folded, broken, and reunited.

CYTOPLASM-

1. The liquid part of the cell in which the other organelles float is           called cytoplasm.

2. Cytoplasm is divided into two major parts.

            * CYTOSOL

            * CELL ORGANELLES  

 3. Cytosol is the aqueous component of cytoplasm.

4. Cell organelles are the internal organs of the cell responsible for         carrying out specific jobs to keep the cell alive.

NUCLEUS-

 

1. Nucleus is also known as the headquarter of the cell.

2. Nucleus was discovered by the scientist ROBERT BROWN in              1831.

3. It direct control the all cellular activities.

4. In eukaryotic cell [ which have nucleus] a well defined nucleus is       present.

5. It is doubled layered covering called nuclear membrane.

6. Nuclear membrane has pores that regulates the movement of              materials in or out.

7. Inside nuclear membrane it contains chromosomes  and                    chromatin   materials.

8. Chromatin material consists of DNA [ DeoxyRibonucleic Acid ]           and proteins.

9. Chromosomes contain information for inheritance of feature for         parents to next generation.

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